Justification and Hyphenation

When you select Justify as the paragraph alignment in a PDF theme, a line can break in the middle of a word. Line breaks in the middle of a word are not a problem in Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and similar languages, but they reduce readability in English, French, German, and similar languages.

This is solved as follows.

• Insert a hyphen(-) where a line breaks within a word.

• Determine where a line can break within a word without hurting readability.

For example, the English word computer can break at the following positions.

com-put-er

A line can break only between m and p, or between t and e.

However, ManualWorks breaks a line only where at least 2 characters remain before the hyphen and at least 3 characters remain after it. For example, ManualWorks does not break computer between t and e, because only 2 characters remain after that position.

Because there are so many words, hyphen positions must be determined automatically by computer. There have been many attempts to do this, and the method used in LaTeX is a well-known example.

Setting Hyphenation in a PDF Theme

To set “Hyphenation”, follow these steps.

1. Go to the <Style | Theme> menu.

2. Select a PDF theme.

3. In ‘Body’ under “General”, set the line break to <1Hyphenation>.

   • For alignment, select “2Justify”. If the alignment is not Justify, hyphens are not inserted.

4. Click the Save Now button.

Hyphenation Pattern Files

Hyphenation pattern files solve the problem of words being cut in the middle at line breaks.

Because of licensing issues, these files cannot be included in the product, so you must add hyphenation pattern files separately. Only the “English(UK) hyphenation pattern file(ukhyphen.tex)”, which has no licensing issues, is distributed with the product. If you do not register a hyphenation pattern file, this pattern file is used.

You can get the hyphenation pattern files you need from the following URL.

http://tug.org/tex-hyphen/#languages

After you download the hyphenation pattern files you need, add them by following these steps.

1. Go to the <Style | Hyphenation Pattern> menu.

   • The <Hyphenation Pattern> menu appears only to users with the “Create Style” permission.

2. Click the <Create Hyphenation Pattern> link.

3. Select a language and select the hyphenation pattern file.

4. Click the Upload button.

Registering Exception Word Rules

Hyphens are not inserted in the following types of words, even when a line breaks.

• URLs

• Words in which all letters are uppercase

You can also register your own exception word rules. To register exception word rules, follow these steps.

1. In the hyphenation pattern list, click the <Update> link of the language for which to register exception word rules.

2. Enter the rules in the “Exceptions” field.

   • You can register multiple words on separate lines. Rules are not case-sensitive, so they also apply to words that start with an uppercase letter, such as the first word of a sentence.

For example, to break the English word computer only between u and t, register the following.

compu-ter

3. Click the Save button.

Hyphenation Support in Web Themes

Like PDF themes, web themes also support hyphenation. Web browsers use their built-in hyphenation dictionaries, and the supported languages differ by browser.

Languages that are well supported in most browsers include English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Dutch, Russian, Polish, Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish, Danish, Hungarian, and Czech. CJK languages such as Korean, Chinese, and Japanese are not supported.